Point II discusses sexism during the K-pop music additionally the prospective impact on audience and societies general
Even if the K-pop fandom was geared towards male idols, so it report centers generally with the intimate objectification, lookism, and you will sexism into the girl idols’ songs and prospective influence on fans’ (generally more youthful people) intercourse attitudes
It is essential to analysis this particular part of K-pop music since it is even more challenging when it comes to the newest dim fact away from gender situations inside Korea: Even though Korea enjoys effortlessly modernized the economy, they lags far about most other OECD (Organization having Financial Co-operation and you will Advancement) nations with regards to intercourse equality ( Bethmann & Rudolf, 2016 ; Rudolf & Kang, 2015 ). Featuring the fresh new largest intercourse spend gap as well as the worst doing work environment for ladies certainly steeped nations, Korea’s ranks regarding Global Sex Pit Directory are into par that have Muslim-most regions well-known for the discrimination facing lady and ranked well beneath the stubbornly patriarchal Japan ( GGGR, 2015 ; PwC, 2017 ; This new Economist, 2016 ).
Students was viewing and you can criticizing the fresh very sexualized, will sexist blogs, in addition to the propagation off lookism in the K-pop music and you may discussing its potential affect K-pop music admirers. Prior to these types of talks and you may acknowledging the lack of tough facts in the debate, it paper proposes the following theory: In the event the K-pop music in fact produces sexist concepts in addition to objectification of women (since the established in section II), its global profits may have negative consequences into improvement sex equivalence global. ; and you can 2) What’s the dating between K-pop fandom and fans’ attitudes towards division of work ranging from individuals within and you will outside the household?
This research mainly leads to the existing books from the adopting the several suggests. Earliest, that with a unique and you may recently amassed studies group of six,317 observations regarding a hundred regions, this study adds unusual difficult empirical facts towards argument regarding how K-pop has an effect on fans’ sex thinking. 2nd, the study shows how sexism, lookism, and you will sexualization might not you need to be softer cultural activities, but may actually dictate private attitudes about how exactly paid and you can unpaid work is split ranging from gents and ladies. But not, it should be also indexed this particular study cannot intend to measure any causal consequences. Considering the constraints off a corner-sectional survey construction, efficiency need to be interpreted just like the correlations instead of causation.
Thus, the research inquiries is tested are as follows: 1) What is the dating within standard of K-pop fandom (measured because of the a person’s readiness to fund K-pop music circumstances and you can activities) and individual intercourse perceptions?
The remainder of this post is organized the following. This can provide the conceptual reason behind the study theory and you can the empirical studies. Area III introduces the survey construction, studies put and you will details, and you will gifts descriptive analytics of your own parameters utilized in this research. Part IV gifts the empirical strategy useful studies and empirical abilities. Section V comes to an end the article.
Sexism, instance sexist perceptions with the lady, hence largely stem from old-fashioned stereotypes in the gender jobs, is amongst the main culprits one substitute the way off gender equivalence. Prior research has investigated sex-role stereotyping when you look at the songs movies ( Aubrey & Frisby, 2011 ; Kalof, 1999 ; Kistler & Lee, 2009 ; Seidman, 1992 ) and other mass media forms ( Lauzen, Dozier, & Horan, 2008 ; Timber, 1994 ), and found you to definitely as compared to males, ladies are more likely to end up being sexually objectified and you will kept so you can more strict appearance requirements. Also, women can be along with usually illustrated in ways one to stresses traditional gender roles: males have been more powerful, principal, aggressive, and you can criminal, while you are lady was more likely to be shown since the poor, depending, submissive, and you will caring. However some K-pop groups and you may idols seem to challenge antique intercourse roles owing to the androgynous otherwise homoerotic imageries (particularly, Emerald of f(x), Jo Kwon from 2AM, and you can Lee Hong-gi away from Tattoo dating service F.T. Island) and you can remind a great deal more egalitarian sex attitudes, most of the main-stream K-pop music artisans, including woman groups, was indeed compliant toward common stereotypes.
Point II discusses sexism during the K-pop music additionally the prospective impact on audience and societies general
January 6, 2023
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Even if the K-pop fandom was geared towards male idols, so it report centers generally with the intimate objectification, lookism, and you will sexism into the girl idols’ songs and prospective influence on fans’ (generally more youthful people) intercourse attitudes
It is essential to analysis this particular part of K-pop music since it is even more challenging when it comes to the newest dim fact away from gender situations inside Korea: Even though Korea enjoys effortlessly modernized the economy, they lags far about most other OECD (Organization having Financial Co-operation and you will Advancement) nations with regards to intercourse equality ( Bethmann & Rudolf, 2016 ; Rudolf & Kang, 2015 ). Featuring the fresh new largest intercourse spend gap as well as the worst doing work environment for ladies certainly steeped nations, Korea’s ranks regarding Global Sex Pit Directory are into par that have Muslim-most regions well-known for the discrimination facing lady and ranked well beneath the stubbornly patriarchal Japan ( GGGR, 2015 ; PwC, 2017 ; This new Economist, 2016 ).
Students was viewing and you can criticizing the fresh very sexualized, will sexist blogs, in addition to the propagation off lookism in the K-pop music and you may discussing its potential affect K-pop music admirers. Prior to these types of talks and you may acknowledging the lack of tough facts in the debate, it paper proposes the following theory: In the event the K-pop music in fact produces sexist concepts in addition to objectification of women (since the established in section II), its global profits may have negative consequences into improvement sex equivalence global. ; and you can 2) What’s the dating between K-pop fandom and fans’ attitudes towards division of work ranging from individuals within and you will outside the household?
This research mainly leads to the existing books from the adopting the several suggests. Earliest, that with a unique and you may recently amassed studies group of six,317 observations regarding a hundred regions, this study adds unusual difficult empirical facts towards argument regarding how K-pop has an effect on fans’ sex thinking. 2nd, the study shows how sexism, lookism, and you will sexualization might not you need to be softer cultural activities, but may actually dictate private attitudes about how exactly paid and you can unpaid work is split ranging from gents and ladies. But not, it should be also indexed this particular study cannot intend to measure any causal consequences. Considering the constraints off a corner-sectional survey construction, efficiency need to be interpreted just like the correlations instead of causation.
Thus, the research inquiries is tested are as follows: 1) What is the dating within standard of K-pop fandom (measured because of the a person’s readiness to fund K-pop music circumstances and you can activities) and individual intercourse perceptions?
The remainder of this post is organized the following. This can provide the conceptual reason behind the study theory and you can the empirical studies. Area III introduces the survey construction, studies put and you will details, and you will gifts descriptive analytics of your own parameters utilized in this research. Part IV gifts the empirical strategy useful studies and empirical abilities. Section V comes to an end the article.
Sexism, instance sexist perceptions with the lady, hence largely stem from old-fashioned stereotypes in the gender jobs, is amongst the main culprits one substitute the way off gender equivalence. Prior research has investigated sex-role stereotyping when you look at the songs movies ( Aubrey & Frisby, 2011 ; Kalof, 1999 ; Kistler & Lee, 2009 ; Seidman, 1992 ) and other mass media forms ( Lauzen, Dozier, & Horan, 2008 ; Timber, 1994 ), and found you to definitely as compared to males, ladies are more likely to end up being sexually objectified and you will kept so you can more strict appearance requirements. Also, women can be along with usually illustrated in ways one to stresses traditional gender roles: males have been more powerful, principal, aggressive, and you can criminal, while you are lady was more likely to be shown since the poor, depending, submissive, and you will caring. However some K-pop groups and you may idols seem to challenge antique intercourse roles owing to the androgynous otherwise homoerotic imageries (particularly, Emerald of f(x), Jo Kwon from 2AM, and you can Lee Hong-gi away from Tattoo dating service F.T. Island) and you can remind a great deal more egalitarian sex attitudes, most of the main-stream K-pop music artisans, including woman groups, was indeed compliant toward common stereotypes.